40 Amp vs 48 Amp EV Charger

As electric vehicles (EVs) continue to grow in popularity, charging at home has become an essential part of EV ownership. Level 2 chargers are the preferred choice for most EV drivers, offering faster and more convenient charging compared to the standard Level 1 option. However, not all Level 2 chargers are created equal, and one of the key factors that sets them apart is their amperage.

In this guide, we’ll dive into the key distinctions between 40 Amp and 48 Amp EV chargers. We’ll explore how they affect charging times, electrical requirements, and costs, as well as their advantages and compatibility with various EV models. Whether you’re a new EV owner or looking to upgrade your home charging setup, this guide will help you make an informed decision.

Basics of EV Charging

What Are Level 2 Chargers?

Level 2 chargers are one of the most common and practical options for EV owners who want to charge their vehicles at home. Unlike Level 1 chargers, which use a standard 120-volt household outlet and offer slow charging speeds, Level 2 chargers operate on a 240-volt circuit. This higher voltage allows them to deliver significantly more power, reducing the time it takes to charge an electric vehicle.

A Level 2 charger is typically installed in a home garage, driveway, or workplace, making it a convenient and efficient solution for daily charging needs. These chargers are compatible with most electric vehicles (EVs) and plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs), using a standard connector like the SAE J1772 plug in North America. With a Level 2 charger, many EVs can be fully charged in just a few hours, depending on the charger’s amperage and the vehicle’s battery size.

Why Amperage Matters in EV Charging

Amperage plays a critical role in determining how quickly an EV can be charged. The amperage of a Level 2 charger refers to the amount of electrical current it can deliver to the vehicle’s battery. A higher amperage means more current is flowing, which translates to faster charging speeds. For example, a 40 Amp charger provides less power per hour than a 48 Amp charger, which can result in longer charging times for the same vehicle.

However, it’s important to note that the speed of charging is not determined solely by the charger’s amperage. The maximum charging rate is also limited by the vehicle’s onboard charger. If your EV can only accept 40 Amps of current, using a 48 Amp charger will not result in faster charging. In this case, the additional capacity of the charger would remain unused. Therefore, matching the charger’s amperage to your EV’s capabilities is essential for optimizing charging performance and cost efficiency.

Compatibility and Electrical Considerations

Amperage also affects the compatibility of the charger with your home’s electrical system. A Level 2 charger operating at 40 Amps requires a dedicated 50 Amp circuit, while a 48 Amp charger requires a larger 60 Amp circuit. Before installing a Level 2 charger, homeowners must ensure their electrical panel can support the required breaker size and wiring. In some cases, upgrading the home’s electrical system may be necessary, which could add to the overall installation cost.

Key Differences Between 40 Amp and 48 Amp Chargers

Charging Speed

The primary difference between a 40 Amp and a 48 Amp charger lies in their charging speed. The higher the amperage, the faster the charger can replenish your electric vehicle’s battery. For example, a 40 Amp charger typically delivers around 9.6 kW of power, while a 48 Amp charger delivers approximately 11.5 kW. This increase in power can reduce the charging time for an EV, especially if the vehicle’s onboard charger supports the higher amperage.

For a typical EV with a 60 kWh battery, a 40 Amp charger might take around 6-7 hours to fully charge, depending on the vehicle’s efficiency and starting battery level. On the other hand, a 48 Amp charger could complete the same task in about 5-6 hours. While the difference may seem small for overnight charging, it becomes more significant when you need a quicker top-up during the day.

However, it’s important to consider your EV’s charging capabilities. If your vehicle’s onboard charger only accepts a maximum of 40 Amps, upgrading to a 48 Amp charger won’t result in faster charging speeds.

Electrical Requirements

The difference in amperage between these chargers also impacts their electrical requirements. A 40 Amp charger requires a dedicated 50 Amp circuit, while a 48 Amp charger needs a 60 Amp circuit. This is because electrical codes typically mandate that the circuit breaker size must be 125% of the charger’s continuous load to prevent overheating or overloading.

For many homeowners, installing a 60 Amp circuit for a 48 Amp charger may require an upgrade to the home’s electrical panel if the existing system cannot accommodate the additional load. This can involve significant costs for wiring, breakers, and labor, especially in older homes with limited electrical capacity. In contrast, a 50 Amp circuit for a 40 Amp charger is easier and less expensive to install in most cases.

Before choosing a charger, it’s essential to evaluate your home’s electrical infrastructure and consult with a licensed electrician to determine the feasibility of installation.

Cost Considerations

There are notable cost differences between 40 Amp and 48 Amp chargers, not only in the price of the chargers themselves but also in the associated installation and upgrade expenses. Typically, 48 Amp chargers are slightly more expensive than their 40 Amp counterparts due to their higher power output and additional features.

The installation cost for a 48 Amp charger is often higher because of the need for a larger circuit breaker and possibly upgrading the home’s electrical panel. For homeowners on a budget, these additional expenses can make a 40 Amp charger a more cost-effective choice. However, if you plan to future-proof your home for more powerful EVs, the higher upfront investment in a 48 Amp charger may pay off in the long run.

Compatibility with EV Models

Another important consideration is compatibility with your EV. Not all EVs can take full advantage of the higher power output of a 48 Amp charger. Many vehicles on the market today have onboard chargers limited to 32 or 40 Amps, meaning a 48 Amp charger won’t provide any additional speed. Only a few high-end or newer EV models support charging rates that fully utilize a 48 Amp charger’s capabilities.

If your current EV can’t make use of the higher amperage, a 40 Amp charger is likely sufficient for your needs. However, if you’re planning to upgrade to a more powerful EV in the future or you own multiple EVs with different charging capacities, a 48 Amp charger might be a better long-term investment.

List of the Best 40 Amp EV Charger:

List of the Best 48 Amp EV Charger:

Advantages of 40 Amp Chargers

Lower Installation Costs

One of the most significant advantages of a 40 Amp charger is its lower installation cost. Since a 40 Amp charger requires a 50 Amp circuit, it is often easier and less expensive to install than a higher-powered charger. Most homes are already equipped to handle a 50 Amp circuit without requiring significant upgrades to the electrical panel or wiring. This reduces the overall expense of setting up the charging station.

In contrast, installing a 48 Amp charger typically necessitates a 60 Amp circuit, which may involve upgrading the electrical system, adding new wiring, or even increasing the home’s overall electrical service capacity. These upgrades can add substantial costs to the project. For homeowners on a budget, a 40 Amp charger provides a more affordable option without sacrificing practicality for most EVs.

Compatibility with Most EVs on the Market

Another advantage of a 40 Amp charger is its broad compatibility with the majority of electric vehicles currently available. Most EVs are designed with onboard chargers that can accept a maximum of 32 to 40 Amps of current. This means a 40 Amp charger can deliver the fastest possible charging speed for these vehicles without any wasted capacity.

For many drivers, the extra amperage provided by a 48 Amp charger is unnecessary, as their vehicle cannot utilize the additional power. By choosing a 40 Amp charger, EV owners can save money while still enjoying optimal charging performance. Additionally, 40 Amp chargers are compatible with both plug-in hybrids and fully electric vehicles, making them a versatile choice for households with multiple types of EVs.

Less Stress on Home Electrical Systems

Using a 40 Amp charger also places less stress on a home’s electrical system compared to a 48 Amp charger. A 50 Amp circuit is more manageable for most residential electrical panels, especially in older homes where capacity may be limited. This can help avoid potential issues such as circuit overloads, overheating, or the need for costly electrical upgrades.

Because a 40 Amp charger requires less power, it’s also less likely to interfere with other high-energy appliances running in the home, such as air conditioners, ovens, or dryers. This makes it a safer and more reliable option for many homeowners who want to add an EV charger without making significant changes to their electrical setup.

Advantages of 48 Amp Chargers

Faster Charging for EVs That Support Higher Amperage

A major advantage of 48 Amp chargers is their ability to deliver faster charging times for EVs that are equipped to handle higher amperage. With a power output of approximately 11.5 kW, a 48 Amp charger can replenish an electric vehicle’s battery more quickly compared to a 40 Amp charger, which typically provides 9.6 kW. This increased charging speed can be especially beneficial for EVs with larger batteries, as it allows drivers to reduce downtime and get back on the road sooner.

For example, a high-capacity EV like the Tesla Model S or Rivian R1T, which supports charging rates over 40 Amps, can take full advantage of a 48 Amp charger. This means the battery can gain more range per hour of charging, making it an ideal option for individuals with long daily commutes or those who frequently embark on long-distance trips. The time savings, while small on a daily basis, can add up significantly over time.

Future-Proofing Your Setup for Upcoming EV Models

Another key benefit of a 48 Amp charger is the future-proofing it offers for your home charging setup. While many EVs on the market today are limited to onboard chargers of 40 Amps or less, newer and higher-performance EV models are being designed with onboard chargers that can support higher amperage. By installing a 48 Amp charger now, you’ll be prepared to accommodate these more advanced vehicles as they become more common in the years to come.

This forward-looking approach can save money in the long run, as it eliminates the need for upgrading your charger when you eventually purchase a new EV that supports faster charging. For households with multiple EVs or plans to upgrade vehicles in the future, a 48 Amp charger ensures that your charging infrastructure is robust enough to handle more demanding requirements.

In addition, a 48 Amp charger is a better choice for individuals who may host visitors with EVs or who participate in car-sharing programs. The ability to provide faster charging ensures your setup remains versatile and capable of meeting a variety of needs, even as the EV market evolves.

Factors to Consider When Choosing

Vehicle Compatibility

The first factor to consider when choosing between a 40 Amp and 48 Amp EV charger is whether your vehicle supports 48 Amp charging. Not all EVs are equipped with onboard chargers capable of utilizing the full 48 Amp capacity. Many current models on the market, including popular options like the Nissan Leaf or Chevy Bolt, are limited to 32 or 40 Amps. For these vehicles, a 48 Amp charger won’t provide any additional benefit in terms of charging speed, as the onboard charger acts as the bottleneck.

However, if you own or plan to purchase a vehicle that supports higher amperage—such as certain Tesla or Rivian models—a 48 Amp charger can maximize charging efficiency. Before making a decision, it’s important to check your EV’s specifications and confirm its maximum charging rate to ensure compatibility.

Home Electrical Capacity

Another crucial consideration is your home’s electrical capacity. A 40 Amp charger requires a dedicated 50 Amp circuit, while a 48 Amp charger demands a larger 60 Amp circuit. This difference might seem minor, but it can significantly impact the feasibility and cost of installation. Many homes, particularly older ones, may not have the available capacity in their electrical panel to support a 60 Amp circuit without upgrades.

Upgrading your electrical panel to accommodate a 48 Amp charger can be costly and time-consuming. It may involve rewiring, installing a new breaker box, or even increasing the overall electrical service capacity of your home. On the other hand, a 50 Amp circuit for a 40 Amp charger is more commonly compatible with existing residential setups, making it a more practical choice for many homeowners. Consulting with a licensed electrician can help determine if your home is ready for a 48 Amp charger or if additional work will be required.

Usage Patterns

Your charging habits and driving needs also play an important role in choosing the right charger. If you typically drive short distances and charge your vehicle overnight, a 40 Amp charger is likely sufficient for your needs. It can comfortably replenish an EV’s battery within a few hours, ensuring it’s ready for the next day.

However, if you frequently take long-distance trips or require multiple charging sessions throughout the day, the faster charging speed of a 48 Amp charger may be more beneficial. A higher-powered charger can provide quicker top-ups, reducing downtime and improving convenience, especially for drivers with demanding schedules. Assessing your daily and weekly driving patterns will help you determine whether the added speed of a 48 Amp charger justifies the extra cost.

Budget

Finally, budget is a key factor in the decision-making process. While 48 Amp chargers offer faster charging and future-proofing benefits, they come with higher upfront costs. These costs include not only the price of the charger itself but also potentially expensive electrical upgrades, such as installing a 60 Amp circuit or upgrading the home’s electrical panel.

On the other hand, a 40 Amp charger is typically more affordable, both in terms of the charger unit and installation. For many drivers, it represents a balanced choice that meets current needs without exceeding budget constraints. However, if you’re planning for the long term and anticipate purchasing an EV that supports 48 Amps in the future, the additional investment might be worthwhile.

FAQs

Can I Upgrade a 40 Amp Charger to a 48 Amp Charger Later?

Yes, it is possible to upgrade from a 40 Amp charger to a 48 Amp charger later, but it might require additional work and costs depending on your current setup. A 48 Amp charger requires a 60 Amp circuit, so if your current electrical panel only supports a 50 Amp circuit for your 40 Amp charger, you may need to upgrade the panel or add a new circuit to accommodate the higher amperage.

The cost and complexity of the upgrade depend on the capacity of your home’s electrical system. If your electrical panel is already at its limit, upgrading to a 60 Amp circuit might involve significant expenses, including panel replacement or service capacity increases. To future-proof your charging setup, some homeowners choose to install wiring and circuits for a 60 Amp load even if they initially install a 40 Amp charger, making it easier to upgrade later.

Is There a Big Difference in Electricity Costs Between 40 Amp and 48 Amp Chargers?

The electricity costs themselves do not significantly differ between a 40 Amp and 48 Amp charger. Both chargers deliver energy to your EV at the same rate per kilowatt-hour (kWh), as determined by your local utility. The difference lies in how quickly they deliver that energy, with the 48 Amp charger completing the charge faster due to its higher power output.

That said, the overall energy consumed by your EV remains the same regardless of whether you use a 40 Amp or 48 Amp charger. Any differences in costs are typically tied to factors such as time-of-use electricity rates. For instance, charging faster with a 48 Amp charger may allow you to complete charging during off-peak hours when electricity rates are lower, potentially saving money in the long run.

Are There Other Amperage Options I Should Consider?

Yes, there are other amperage options available for Level 2 chargers, including 16 Amp, 24 Amp, and 32 Amp chargers. These lower-amperage chargers are often sufficient for plug-in hybrids (PHEVs) or smaller EVs with smaller batteries. They are typically more affordable and easier to install, as they require less electrical capacity.

However, for most fully electric vehicles, higher amperage options like 40 Amp or 48 Amp chargers are more suitable, as they offer faster charging times and better scalability for future needs. Additionally, some high-end EVs or commercial charging setups may support even higher amperage, such as 60 Amps, but these require specialized equipment and significant electrical upgrades.

Will My EV Benefit from a 48 Amp Charger?

Whether your EV benefits from a 48 Amp charger depends on its onboard charger’s capacity. Many EVs currently on the market have onboard chargers limited to 32 or 40 Amps. In such cases, a 48 Amp charger will not charge your vehicle any faster than a 40 Amp charger, as the EV will only draw as much current as its onboard charger allows.

However, if you own a high-performance EV like certain Tesla models, Rivian vehicles, or future luxury EVs designed for higher charging rates, a 48 Amp charger can deliver faster charging speeds. Checking your EV’s specifications is essential to determine whether it can utilize the extra power provided by a 48 Amp charger.

Do I Need a Permit to Install a 40 Amp or 48 Amp Charger?

Yes, in most areas, you will need a permit to install either a 40 Amp or 48 Amp Level 2 charger. Since these chargers require dedicated circuits and higher electrical capacity, the installation must meet local electrical codes and safety regulations. A licensed electrician can help you secure the necessary permits and ensure that the installation complies with all applicable standards.

Failing to obtain the proper permits could result in fines, insurance issues, or even unsafe installations. It’s always best to consult with a professional electrician to ensure the process is handled correctly. For 48 Amp chargers, the permit process may be more extensive due to the higher circuit requirements, so be prepared for additional steps.

Are 40 Amp and 48 Amp Chargers Compatible with Solar Panels?

Both 40 Amp and 48 Amp chargers are compatible with solar panel systems, provided your home has sufficient solar generation capacity and a properly configured energy management system. By pairing your EV charger with solar panels, you can reduce your reliance on grid electricity and lower your carbon footprint.

If you plan to install a 48 Amp charger, keep in mind that its higher power draw may require additional solar panels or a larger inverter to supply the necessary electricity. Many homeowners with solar systems also use battery storage solutions to maximize energy efficiency and ensure consistent charging even when solar production is low.

Should I Choose a Plug-In or Hardwired Charger?

Both 40 Amp and 48 Amp chargers come in plug-in and hardwired versions, each with its pros and cons. Plug-in chargers are more portable and can be removed or relocated easily, making them a flexible option for renters or homeowners who may move. However, plug-in chargers require an appropriate outlet, such as a NEMA 14-50 for 40 Amp chargers or a NEMA 14-60 for 48 Amp chargers.

Hardwired chargers, on the other hand, are permanently installed and are often more durable and weather-resistant. They are a better option for outdoor installations or situations where the charger will be used frequently. The choice between plug-in and hardwired depends on your specific needs and installation preferences.

Enjoyed this guide of 40 Amp vs 48 Amp EV Charger? Then be sure to check out our other EV guides.

• Best 80 Amp EV Charger
• Best 32 Amp EV Charger
• Best 40 Amp EV Charger
• Best Level 2 EV Charger
• Best 48 Amp EV Charger
• Best Dual EV Charger